Antiviral medications are drugs designed to treat viral infections by inhibiting the development and replication of viruses. Unlike antibiotics, which target bacteria, antivirals specifically focus on viruses such as influenza, HIV, and herpes. They work by blocking various stages of the viral life cycle, helping to reduce the severity and duration of the illness. These medications can be used for both treatment and prevention. For example, some antivirals are prescribed to manage chronic conditions like HIV/AIDS, while others may be given to prevent infection after exposure to a virus, such as in the case of post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV.