Antitrust enforcement refers to the legal measures taken to promote fair competition and prevent monopolies in the marketplace. It aims to protect consumers and ensure that businesses can compete on a level playing field. Agencies like the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Department of Justice (DOJ) in the United States investigate and take action against companies that engage in anti-competitive practices, such as price-fixing or market manipulation. These enforcement actions can lead to penalties, fines, or even the breakup of companies that violate antitrust laws. By maintaining competition, antitrust enforcement helps to foster innovation, improve product quality, and keep prices fair for consumers.