The anterior ethmoidal air cells are small, air-filled spaces located within the ethmoid bone of the skull. They are part of the paranasal sinuses and are situated in the upper part of the nasal cavity, near the eyes. These air cells help to lighten the weight of the skull and contribute to the humidification and filtration of inhaled air. These air cells are connected to the nasal cavity and play a role in the drainage of mucus. Inflammation or infection in the anterior ethmoidal air cells can lead to conditions such as sinusitis, causing symptoms like nasal congestion and facial pain.