Animal models are living organisms, often rodents like mice or rats, used in scientific research to study biological processes and diseases. Researchers use these models to understand how diseases develop and to test new treatments before they are tried in humans. These models help scientists observe the effects of drugs, genetic changes, and environmental factors in a controlled setting. By studying the similarities and differences between animals and humans, researchers can gain insights that may lead to advancements in medicine and improve health outcomes for people.