Alternative sanitation solutions refer to methods of managing human waste that differ from traditional sewage systems. These solutions can include composting toilets, which convert waste into compost, and biogas systems, which use anaerobic digestion to produce energy. These methods are often more sustainable and can be particularly beneficial in areas lacking infrastructure. Another approach is the use of ecological sanitation (EcoSan), which emphasizes recycling nutrients from waste to improve soil health. These systems can reduce water pollution and promote environmental sustainability, making them suitable for both urban and rural settings.