Alpha-globin is a type of protein that is part of the hemoglobin molecule, which is essential for transporting oxygen in the blood. It is produced in the body by the HBA1 and HBA2 genes located on chromosome 16. Alpha-globin combines with beta-globin to form the functional hemoglobin protein, allowing red blood cells to carry oxygen from the lungs to tissues throughout the body. Deficiencies or mutations in the alpha-globin genes can lead to disorders such as alpha-thalassemia, which affects the production of hemoglobin and can result in anemia. Understanding alpha-globin is crucial for diagnosing and managing these blood disorders effectively.