Ailerons are movable surfaces located on the wings of an aircraft, crucial for controlling its roll. When a pilot wants to turn the plane, they adjust the ailerons, which tilt one wing up and the other wing down. This difference in lift causes the aircraft to rotate around its longitudinal axis, allowing it to bank into a turn.
These small flaps work in conjunction with other control surfaces, such as elevators and rudders, to ensure smooth and stable flight. Ailerons are essential for maneuverability, making them a key component in the design of various aircraft, from small private planes to large commercial airliners.