Aesthetic theory is a branch of philosophy that explores the nature of beauty, art, and taste. It examines how individuals perceive and appreciate artistic expressions, considering factors like form, color, and composition. Aesthetic theory seeks to understand the emotional and intellectual responses that artworks evoke in viewers. Key figures in aesthetic theory include Immanuel Kant and Arthur Schopenhauer, who contributed significantly to the understanding of beauty and art's role in human experience. The theory also addresses the cultural and historical contexts that influence artistic value, emphasizing that aesthetics can vary across different societies and time periods.