Adipocytes, commonly known as fat cells, are specialized cells that store energy in the form of fat. They play a crucial role in the body's energy balance by accumulating lipids when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. Adipocytes are primarily found in adipose tissue, which is distributed throughout the body, including under the skin and around internal organs. There are two main types of adipocytes: white adipocytes and brown adipocytes. White adipocytes are responsible for energy storage, while brown adipocytes generate heat by burning fat, a process known as thermogenesis. Both types of adipocytes contribute to overall metabolism and are important for maintaining body weight and energy homeostasis.