Abutments are structural components that support the ends of a bridge or other structures, transferring loads to the ground. They are typically made of concrete or masonry and are designed to withstand the forces exerted by the bridge and the weight of vehicles crossing it. In addition to bridges, abutments can also be found in retaining walls, where they help hold back soil and prevent erosion. Their design is crucial for ensuring stability and safety in various construction projects, making them an essential element in civil engineering and architecture.