The term "a_12" refers to a specific model of the Apple A-series processors, known for powering various iPhone and iPad devices. These chips are designed to enhance performance and efficiency, enabling faster processing speeds and improved graphics capabilities for mobile applications. The A_12 chip features a six-core CPU and a four-core GPU, allowing for seamless multitasking and high-quality gaming experiences. It also includes advanced machine learning capabilities, which enhance features like photography and augmented reality, making it a significant advancement in mobile technology.