The history of the Zulu people is rich and complex, beginning in the early 19th century when they emerged as a powerful nation in southern Africa. Under the leadership of Shaka Zulu, the Zulu kingdom expanded through military conquests and strategic alliances, becoming a dominant force in the region. Shaka's innovative tactics and organization transformed the Zulu army, leading to significant territorial gains. In the late 19th century, the Zulu faced challenges from British colonial expansion, culminating in the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879. Despite initial victories, the Zulu were ultimately defeated, leading to the annexation of their territory. The legacy of the Zulu people continues to influence South African culture and identity today.