XML Encryption is a process used to secure data in XML format by converting it into an unreadable form. This ensures that sensitive information, such as personal details or financial data, is protected from unauthorized access. The encryption process involves using algorithms to transform the original data into ciphertext, which can only be decrypted by someone with the correct key. The primary goal of XML Encryption is to maintain the confidentiality of the data while allowing it to be transmitted over networks. It can be applied to specific parts of an XML document, enabling selective encryption and ensuring that only the intended recipients can access the original information.