WpaSupplicant is a software application used to manage wireless network connections on various operating systems. It supports different security protocols, including WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) and WPA2, ensuring secure communication over wireless networks. Primarily designed for Linux, WpaSupplicant can also run on other platforms, such as Windows and macOS. It operates in the background, allowing devices to connect to Wi-Fi networks automatically while handling authentication and encryption processes to protect user data.