During World War II, various camps were established by different nations, primarily for military and political purposes. The most notorious were the Nazi concentration camps in Germany, where millions of Jews, Roma, and other targeted groups were imprisoned, forced into labor, and often killed. These camps were part of the broader system of persecution and genocide known as the Holocaust. In addition to concentration camps, there were also prisoner of war (POW) camps where captured soldiers were held. These camps varied in conditions, with some providing basic necessities while others subjected prisoners to harsh treatment. The treatment of POWs was governed by the Geneva Conventions, which aimed to protect the rights of captured military personnel.