A wood plane is a hand tool used in woodworking to smooth or shape wood surfaces. It consists of a flat base, a blade, and a handle. The blade is adjusted to control the depth of cut, allowing the user to remove thin shavings of wood for a smooth finish. Wood planes come in various types, including block planes and jack planes, each designed for specific tasks. They are essential for achieving precise dimensions and a fine surface on wooden projects, making them a staple in both professional and hobbyist woodworking.