Women in science fiction have played significant roles both as characters and creators. Notable female authors like Ursula K. Le Guin and Octavia Butler have shaped the genre, exploring themes of gender, society, and identity. Their works often challenge traditional narratives and highlight the experiences of women in speculative settings. In addition to authors, female characters in science fiction have evolved from stereotypical roles to complex protagonists. Characters like Leia Organa from Star Wars and Ellen Ripley from the Alien series exemplify strong, resourceful women who defy conventions. This shift reflects broader societal changes and the growing recognition of women's contributions to the genre.