Williamson ether synthesis is a chemical reaction used to create ethers from alcohols. In this process, an alkoxide ion, which is derived from an alcohol, reacts with a primary alkyl halide. The alkoxide acts as a nucleophile, attacking the electrophilic carbon in the alkyl halide, leading to the formation of an ether. This method is particularly effective for synthesizing symmetrical and asymmetrical ethers. However, it is important to note that the reaction works best with primary alkyl halides to avoid side reactions, such as elimination, which can occur with secondary or tertiary halides.