William Sealy Gosset was an English statistician born in 1876, best known for developing the t-distribution. He worked for the Guinness Brewery in Dublin, where he applied statistical methods to improve quality control in brewing. Due to company policy, he published his work under the pseudonym Student. Gosset's contributions to statistics include the Student's t-test, a method used to determine if there are significant differences between the means of two groups. His work laid the foundation for modern statistical analysis, particularly in small sample sizes, and continues to be widely used in various fields, including psychology and medicine.