William Murdoch was a Scottish inventor and engineer, born in 1754. He is best known for his pioneering work in the development of gas lighting. Murdoch's innovations significantly improved the safety and efficiency of lighting in homes and streets, paving the way for modern gas lighting systems. In addition to gas lighting, Murdoch contributed to the advancement of steam engines and was involved in the early development of the railway industry. His work laid the foundation for future innovations in transportation and energy, making him a notable figure in the Industrial Revolution.