William Gosset was an English statistician born in 1876, best known for developing the t-distribution. He worked for the Guinness Brewery in Dublin, where he applied statistical methods to improve quality control in brewing. Due to company policy, he published his work under the pseudonym Student, which is why the t-distribution is often referred to as Student's t-distribution. Gosset's contributions to statistics were significant, particularly in the field of small sample theory. His work laid the foundation for many statistical techniques used today, including hypothesis testing and confidence intervals. His innovative approach has had a lasting impact on both academic research and practical applications in various fields.