Welsh history is rich and diverse, beginning with the arrival of the Celts around 600 BC. The region became known for its distinct culture and language, with the establishment of various kingdoms such as Gwynedd and Dyfed. In the 13th century, Wales faced conquest by Edward I of England, leading to the construction of impressive castles and the eventual annexation of Wales into the English crown. The 20th century saw a revival of Welsh identity, with movements advocating for devolution and the preservation of the Welsh language. In 1999, the Welsh Parliament was established, granting Wales greater autonomy. Today, Wales celebrates its unique heritage while being part of the United Kingdom.