Water distribution systems are networks designed to deliver clean water from treatment facilities to homes and businesses. These systems consist of pipes, pumps, valves, and storage tanks that work together to ensure a reliable supply of water. The infrastructure is crucial for maintaining public health and supporting daily activities. The design of a water distribution system considers factors like population density, topography, and water demand. Engineers use models to optimize the layout and capacity of the system, ensuring that water pressure remains consistent and that all areas receive adequate service. Regular maintenance is essential to prevent leaks and contamination.