Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) is a pathogen that primarily affects fish, particularly species like rainbow trout and European eel. It is known to cause severe disease, leading to high mortality rates in infected populations. The virus is transmitted through direct contact or contaminated water, making it a significant concern for aquaculture and wild fish populations. VHSV is characterized by symptoms such as hemorrhaging, swelling, and lethargy in affected fish. The virus can survive in the environment for extended periods, complicating control measures. Effective management strategies include monitoring fish health and implementing biosecurity practices to prevent outbreaks in both farmed and wild fish communities.