Viking ships were advanced vessels used by the Vikings from the late 8th to early 11th centuries. They were designed for both speed and versatility, allowing for travel across open seas and shallow rivers. The longships, characterized by their narrow hulls and symmetrical ends, could navigate various waters and were often used for exploration, trade, and raids. These ships were constructed using overlapping wooden planks, a technique known as clinker building. The use of a single square sail and oars enabled the Vikings to harness wind and manpower effectively. Viking ships played a crucial role in their maritime culture and expansion across Europe.