Vietnam's history dates back thousands of years, with early civilizations emerging around the Red River Delta. The region was influenced by various cultures, including the Chinese, who ruled Vietnam for over a millennium. In the 10th century, Vietnam gained independence, leading to the establishment of the Ly and Tran dynasties, which fostered cultural and economic growth. In the 19th century, Vietnam faced colonization by the French, leading to resistance movements. After World War II, the country was divided into North Vietnam and South Vietnam, resulting in the Vietnam War. The war ended in 1975, leading to reunification and the establishment of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.