Video coding standards are technical specifications that define how video data is compressed and transmitted. These standards ensure that video files can be efficiently stored and streamed while maintaining quality. Common examples include H.264, H.265, and VP9, each offering different levels of compression and quality. These standards are crucial for various applications, from online streaming services like YouTube to video conferencing tools. By adhering to these coding standards, developers can create compatible software and hardware, allowing users to enjoy high-quality video across different devices and platforms without compatibility issues.