Vertical alignment refers to the arrangement of elements in a straight line from top to bottom. In design and layout, it ensures that text, images, or other components are positioned consistently along a vertical axis. This technique enhances readability and visual appeal, making it easier for viewers to process information. In education, vertical alignment involves coordinating curriculum across different grade levels to ensure that learning objectives build on one another. This approach helps students develop skills progressively, as each grade level reinforces and expands upon the knowledge gained in previous years, ultimately leading to a more cohesive educational experience.