The Vel' d'Hiv Roundup was a mass arrest of Jews in Paris that took place on July 16-17, 1942, during World War II. French police, under the orders of the Nazi regime, rounded up around 13,000 Jewish individuals, including many women and children. They were taken to the Velodrome d'Hiver, a cycling stadium, where they were held in inhumane conditions. Following the roundup, many of the arrested Jews were deported to concentration camps, where most faced dire fates. The event remains a significant and tragic moment in French history, highlighting the collaboration of the Vichy government with the Nazi regime in the persecution of Jews.