The Vatican, officially known as Vatican City State, is an independent city-state enclaved within Rome, Italy. It serves as the spiritual and administrative center of the Roman Catholic Church and is the residence of the Pope. With a population of around 800, it is the smallest independent state in the world, both in area and population. Home to iconic landmarks such as St. Peter's Basilica and the Sistine Chapel, the Vatican attracts millions of visitors each year. It is renowned for its rich history, art, and architecture, making it a significant cultural and religious site for Catholics and tourists alike.