VSTOL stands for Vertical and Short Takeoff and Landing. This type of aircraft is designed to take off and land vertically or on short runways, making it versatile for various environments. VSTOL aircraft can operate in confined spaces, which is particularly useful for military operations and in urban areas. Examples of VSTOL aircraft include the Harrier Jump Jet and the F-35B Lightning II. These planes utilize specialized technology, such as rotating engines or lift fans, to achieve vertical flight. VSTOL capabilities enhance operational flexibility and reduce the need for extensive runway infrastructure.