Urban climate refers to the unique weather patterns and temperature variations found in cities compared to surrounding rural areas. This phenomenon is primarily caused by human activities, such as industrial processes, transportation, and the concentration of buildings and infrastructure. The materials used in urban construction, like concrete and asphalt, absorb and retain heat, leading to the urban heat island effect, where cities become significantly warmer than their rural counterparts. Additionally, urban areas often experience altered wind patterns and reduced vegetation, which can affect local precipitation and humidity levels. The presence of green spaces, such as parks and gardens, can help mitigate some of these effects by providing shade and promoting cooling. Understanding urban climate is essential for effective city planning and environmental management.