Uranium Dioxide (UO2) is a chemical compound consisting of uranium and oxygen. It is a black, solid material that is primarily used as fuel in nuclear reactors. UO2 is favored for its high melting point and good thermal conductivity, making it effective for sustaining nuclear fission reactions. In the nuclear industry, Uranium Dioxide is typically formed into small pellets, which are then stacked in fuel rods. These rods are placed in the reactor core, where they undergo fission to produce energy. The safe handling and management of UO2 are crucial due to its radioactive properties.