The University Reform Movement emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, aiming to modernize higher education in response to changing societal needs. Advocates sought to improve academic standards, promote research, and expand access to education. This movement emphasized the importance of a well-rounded curriculum that included both the sciences and the humanities. Key figures in the movement, such as John Dewey and Charles W. Eliot, pushed for progressive educational practices and the establishment of research universities. The reforms led to the creation of new academic programs, the professionalization of faculty, and a shift towards a more inclusive approach to education, ultimately shaping the modern university system.