A Universal Testing Machine (UTM) is a device used to test the mechanical properties of materials. It applies controlled tension, compression, or bending forces to a sample until it deforms or breaks. This helps engineers and researchers understand how materials behave under different conditions, ensuring they meet safety and performance standards. UTMs are equipped with various sensors and software to measure parameters like stress, strain, and displacement. They can test a wide range of materials, including metals, plastics, and composites, making them essential in industries such as construction, automotive, and aerospace.