Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are a group of proteins found in the inner mitochondrial membrane. They play a crucial role in regulating energy metabolism by dissipating the proton gradient generated during cellular respiration. This process generates heat instead of producing ATP, which is the primary energy currency of cells. UCPs are involved in various physiological processes, including thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue and the regulation of reactive oxygen species. By uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation, these proteins help maintain energy balance and may contribute to weight management and metabolic health.