The Unconfined Compression Test is a laboratory procedure used to determine the compressive strength of soil or rock samples. In this test, a cylindrical specimen is subjected to axial loading until failure occurs, without any lateral support. The maximum load applied is recorded, allowing engineers to assess the material's strength and behavior under stress. This test is crucial in geotechnical engineering, as it helps in evaluating the stability of foundations and structures. The results can inform decisions regarding construction methods and material selection, ensuring safety and reliability in projects involving soil or rock materials.