Ukrainian independence refers to the establishment of Ukraine as a sovereign nation, separate from the Soviet Union. This significant event occurred on August 24, 1991, when the Ukrainian parliament declared independence following a failed coup in Moscow. A nationwide referendum held on December 1, 1991, showed overwhelming support for independence, with over 90% of voters in favor. Since gaining independence, Ukraine has worked to build its own government and economy. The country has faced various challenges, including political instability and conflicts, particularly with Russia, which annexed Crimea in 2014. Despite these challenges, Ukraine continues to strive for democratic governance and integration with European institutions.