The USA PATRIOT Act is a law enacted in October 2001 in response to the September 11 terrorist attacks. Its primary aim is to enhance national security by expanding the government's surveillance and investigative powers. This includes measures such as allowing law enforcement to monitor communications and access personal records more easily. The act has been controversial, as it raises concerns about civil liberties and privacy rights. Critics argue that some provisions may infringe on individual freedoms, while supporters believe it is essential for preventing terrorism and protecting the nation. The USA PATRIOT Act has undergone several revisions and renewals since its initial passage.