A U.S. government shutdown occurs when Congress fails to pass funding legislation for federal agencies, leading to a temporary halt in government operations. During a shutdown, non-essential services are suspended, and many federal employees are furloughed, meaning they are sent home without pay. Shutdowns can impact various sectors, including national parks, public services, and government-funded programs. Essential services, such as law enforcement and emergency response, typically continue to operate. The duration of a shutdown can vary, and it often results in economic consequences and public inconvenience.