A Type Ia Supernova is a powerful explosion that occurs in a binary star system, where one star is a white dwarf. When the white dwarf accumulates enough material from its companion star, it reaches a critical mass and undergoes a thermonuclear explosion, resulting in a brilliant burst of light that can outshine entire galaxies. These supernovae are important for astronomers because they have a consistent peak brightness, making them useful as standard candles for measuring cosmic distances. Their study has significantly contributed to our understanding of the universe's expansion and the presence of dark energy.