Type 1 diabetes, also known as Type 1 diabetes mellitus, is a chronic condition where the pancreas produces little to no insulin. Insulin is a hormone essential for converting glucose (sugar) into energy. This lack of insulin leads to high blood sugar levels, which can cause various health complications if not managed properly. The exact cause of Type 1 diabetes is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve an autoimmune response where the body's immune system attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. It typically develops in children and young adults, but it can occur at any age. Management often requires lifelong insulin therapy and regular monitoring of blood sugar levels.