Two-way binding is a programming concept often used in frameworks like Angular and Vue.js. It allows for automatic synchronization between the user interface (UI) and the underlying data model. When the data changes, the UI updates automatically, and when the user interacts with the UI, the data model reflects those changes instantly. This approach simplifies development by reducing the need for manual updates. Developers can focus on building features rather than managing data flow. Two-way binding enhances user experience by ensuring that the displayed information is always current and accurate, making applications more responsive and intuitive.