The Two-Factor Theory, developed by psychologist Frederick Herzberg in the 1950s, explains job satisfaction and motivation in the workplace. It identifies two categories of factors: hygiene factors and motivators. Hygiene factors, such as salary and working conditions, can lead to dissatisfaction if inadequate, but do not necessarily motivate employees when improved. Motivators, on the other hand, include elements like recognition, achievement, and responsibility. These factors contribute to higher levels of job satisfaction and motivation. According to the theory, to enhance employee motivation, organizations should focus on improving motivators while ensuring hygiene factors are adequately addressed.