The term "Turks" primarily refers to the people of Turkey, a country located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia. The Turkish people have a rich cultural heritage that includes influences from various civilizations, such as the Ottoman Empire and Byzantine Empire. The official language is Turkish, and the majority of the population practices Islam. Historically, the Turks originated from Central Asia and migrated to Anatolia in the 11th century. Today, they are known for their diverse traditions, cuisine, and contributions to art and literature. The modern Republic of Turkey was established in 1923, marking a significant transformation in Turkish identity and governance.