Turbulence modeling is a technique used in fluid dynamics to predict the behavior of turbulent flows, which are chaotic and irregular. These models help engineers and scientists simulate how fluids, like air or water, move in various conditions, such as around aircraft or through pipelines. Accurate turbulence models are essential for designing efficient systems and understanding natural phenomena. There are several approaches to turbulence modeling, including Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and Large Eddy Simulation (LES). RANS simplifies the equations governing fluid flow by averaging them, while LES focuses on resolving large-scale turbulent structures and modeling smaller ones. Each method has its advantages and is chosen based on the specific application.