A turbocharger is a device that boosts an engine's power by forcing more air into the combustion chamber. It consists of a turbine and a compressor, which are connected by a shaft. The turbine uses exhaust gases from the engine to spin and drive the compressor, increasing the amount of air available for combustion. This results in improved engine efficiency and performance. Turbochargers are commonly used in various vehicles, including cars and trucks, to enhance power without significantly increasing engine size. They are also found in some aircraft and industrial engines, making them popular in both performance and fuel-efficient applications.