The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) is a global assessment that evaluates the mathematics and science knowledge of students in grades 4 and 8. Conducted every four years, TIMSS provides valuable data on educational performance across different countries, allowing for comparisons and insights into effective teaching practices. TIMSS is organized by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) and includes a wide range of countries. The study not only measures student achievement but also collects information on educational systems, curricula, and instructional methods, helping policymakers improve education quality worldwide.