The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a classic optimization problem in computer science and mathematics. It involves finding the shortest possible route that allows a salesman to visit a set of cities and return to the starting point. The challenge lies in determining the most efficient path among all possible routes. TSP is significant in various fields, including logistics, planning, and manufacturing. It is an example of a combinatorial optimization problem, where the number of possible routes increases factorially with the number of cities. Solving TSP can help improve efficiency in real-world applications, such as delivery services and circuit design.