The Transylvanian Saxons are a group of ethnic Germans who settled in the region of Transylvania in present-day Romania during the 12th and 13th centuries. They were invited by the Hungarian king to help defend the area against invasions and to promote trade and agriculture. The Saxons established fortified towns, such as Sibiu and Brașov, which became centers of commerce and culture. Over the centuries, the Transylvanian Saxons developed a unique identity, blending German traditions with local influences. Their communities thrived until the 20th century, when political changes and economic challenges led to significant emigration. Today, the remaining Saxon population continues to preserve their cultural heritage, including traditional crafts and festivals.